Inflammatory Response and Oxidate Stress in the Degeneration of Dopamine Neurons in Parkinson's Disease [2003](IR91)_P01.png

Inflammatory Response and Oxidate Stress in the Degeneration of Dopamine Neurons in Parkinson's Disease [2003](IR91)_P01.png

Glutathione (穀胱甘肽) deficiency (缺乏，不足，短缺) in the epithelial lining fluid of the lower respiratory tract in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (肺纖維化). [1989](IR91)

Glutathione deficiency in the epithelial lining fluid of the lower respiratory tract in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

Glutathione (穀胱甘肽) deficiency (缺乏，不足，短缺) in the epithelial lining fluid of the lower respiratory tract in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (肺纖維化). [1989](IR91)

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(Memo Item created on January 15, 2013 07:20 PM)
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Glutathione (穀胱甘肽) deficiency (缺乏，不足，短缺) in the epithelial lining fluid of the lower respiratory tract in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (肺纖維化). [1989](IR91)

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2913886
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Am Rev Respir Dis. 1989 Feb;139(2):370-2.

Glutathione deficiency (缺乏，不足，短缺) in the epithelial lining fluid of the lower respiratory tract in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (肺纖維化).

Cantin AM, Hubbard RC, Crystal RG.
Source
Pulmonary Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.

Abstract
Glutathione (L-gamma-glutamyl-L-cysteinyl-glycine, GSH), a sulfhydryl-containing tripeptide produced by most mammalian cells, is an efficient scavenger of toxic oxidants, including hydrogen peroxide, an oxidant that plays a major role in the oxidant burden placed on the epithelial surface of the lower respiratory tract in chronic inflammatory states. GSH is present in the epithelial lining fluid of the normal lower respiratory tract, where it is thought to play a major role in providing antioxidant (抗氧化劑) protection to the epithelial cells. In this regard, we hypothesized that the lower respiratory tract of patients with IPF may be chronically depleted (耗盡) of this antioxidant (抗氧化劑), thus leading to an increased susceptibility of lung epithelial cells to oxidant injury. To evaluate this concept, the concentration of glutathione was determined in the epithelial lining fluid of the lower respiratory tract of 15 patients with IPF and compared to that of 19 normal subjects. Strikingly, whereas ELF glutathione concentrations were high in normal subjects (429 +/- 34 microM), a fourfold decrease was found in patients with IPF (97 +/- 18 microM, p less than 0.001). In the context of the known oxidant burden present in the lower respiratory tract of patients with IPF, these observations of a "GSH deficiency" in IPF ELF suggest that there is a marked oxidant-antioxidant (抗氧化劑) imbalance at the alveolar surface of these persons, thus increasing the susceptibility to the severe epithelial cell damage characteristic of this disease.

PMID: 2913886 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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(Memo Item created on January 15, 2013 07:24 PM)
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Glutathione deficiency in the epithelial lining fluid of the lower respiratory tract in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2913886

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Am Rev Respir Dis. 1989 Feb;139(2):370-2.
Glutathione deficiency in the epithelial lining fluid of the lower respiratory tract in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
Cantin AM, Hubbard RC, Crystal RG.
Source
Pulmonary Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.

Abstract
Glutathione (L-gamma-glutamyl-L-cysteinyl-glycine, GSH), a sulfhydryl-containing tripeptide produced by most mammalian cells, is an efficient scavenger of toxic oxidants, including hydrogen peroxide, an oxidant that plays a major role in the oxidant burden placed on the epithelial surface of the lower respiratory tract in chronic inflammatory states. GSH is present in the epithelial lining fluid of the normal lower respiratory tract, where it is thought to play a major role in providing antioxidant (抗氧化劑) protection to the epithelial cells. In this regard, we hypothesized that the lower respiratory tract of patients with IPF may be chronically depleted (耗盡) of this antioxidant (抗氧化劑), thus leading to an increased susceptibility of lung epithelial cells to oxidant injury. To evaluate this concept, the concentration of glutathione was determined in the epithelial lining fluid of the lower respiratory tract of 15 patients with IPF and compared to that of 19 normal subjects. Strikingly, whereas ELF glutathione concentrations were high in normal subjects (429 +/- 34 microM), a fourfold decrease was found in patients with IPF (97 +/- 18 microM, p less than 0.001). In the context of the known oxidant burden present in the lower respiratory tract of patients with IPF, these observations of a "GSH deficiency" in IPF ELF suggest that there is a marked oxidant-antioxidant (抗氧化劑) imbalance at the alveolar surface of these persons, thus increasing the susceptibility to the severe epithelial cell damage characteristic of this disease.

PMID: 2913886 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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Deficiency of alveolar fluid glutathione in patients with sepsis and the adult respiratory distress syndrome (成人呼吸窘迫症候群). [1991](IR91)

Deficiency of alveolar fluid glutathione in patients with sepsis and the adult respiratory distress syndrome (成人呼吸窘迫症候群). [1991](IR91)

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(Memo Item created on January 15, 2013 06:51 PM)
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Deficiency of alveolar fluid glutathione in patients with sepsis and the adult respiratory distress syndrome (成人呼吸窘迫症候群). [1991](IR91)

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1935300

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Chest. 1991 Nov;100(5):1397-403.

Deficiency of alveolar fluid glutathione in patients with sepsis and the adult respiratory distress syndrome (成人呼吸窘迫症候群).

Pacht ER, Timerman AP, Lykens MG, Merola AJ.

Source
Department of Internal Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus.

Abstract
The adult respiratory distress syndrome (成人呼吸窘迫症候群) (ARDS) is a devastating clinical illness characterized by refractory hypoxemia and high-permeability pulmonary edema. Reactive oxygen species such as hydrogen peroxide (過氧化氫) and hypochlorous acid (次氯酸) may play a key role in the pathogenesis of the acute lung injury. Glutathione (GSH) (穀胱甘肽) is a tripeptide (三肽, i.e. 三種胺基酸連在一起) that is able to react with and effectively neutralize oxidants such as hydrogen peroxide (過氧化氫) and hypochlorous acid (次氯酸). The present study found that the alveolar epithelial lining fluid of patients with ARDS was deficient in total GSH compared to normal subjects (21.7 mumols +/- 7.8 mumols vs 91.8 mumols +/- 14.5 mumols; p = 0.002). In addition, if GSH was measured in unconcentrated bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid and indexed to total BAL protein, there was also a deficiency in patients with ARDS compared to normal subjects (0.004 +/- 0.003 nmol of GSH per microgram of total protein vs 0.026 +/- 0.005 nmol of GSH per microgram of total protein; p = 0.002). Since patients with ARDS are subjected to an increased burden of oxidants in the alveolar fluid, principally released by recruited neutrophils, this deficiency of GSH may predispose (使容易...) these patients to enhanced lung cell injury (肺細胞損傷).

PMID: 1935300 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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(Memo Item created on January 15, 2013 07:03 PM)
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TitleOrKeywordIsNotProvidedYet
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adult respiratory distress syndrome
成人呼吸窘迫症候群
adult respiratory distress syndrome (成人呼吸窘迫症候群)(ARDS)

acute respiratory distress syndrome
acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)
急性呼吸窘迫症候群
acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)(急性呼吸窘迫症候群)

呼吸, acute respiratory distress syndrome

肺炎併發急性呼吸窘迫症與敗血性休克
肺炎併發急性呼吸窘迫症與敗血性休克

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